The definition of sea-oriented economy, which is generally referred to as blue economy in the world literature, is the sustainable use of the capacity of water resources and expanses, including oceans, seas, lakes and islands, for the purpose of development, economic growth, improvement Livelihood situation, creating employment and ultimately increasing the GDP. Therefore, the water economy acts as a framework and policy for sustainable marine economic activities as well as new sea-based technologies. Being located next to the Persian Gulf, the Oman Sea, and the Caspian Sea, Iran is considered a maritime country and has advantages such as geopolitical location, rich energy resources, playing a role as a north-south corridor in Southwest Asia, and access to open waters. And employment generation is high. In this article, with a qualitative-interpretive method, an attempt will be made to answer this important question, which are the most important requirements and challenges of the water economy, and what solutions can be proposed to solve the challenges. In this regard, while presenting the definition of the concept of water economy and examining the requirements and necessity of the development of the sea economy, the challenges of the water economy will be examined and at the end, suggestions will be made regarding the optimal use of this strategic position in the field of the sea-oriented economy of the country.